Which of the following is NOT listed as a gout risk factor?

• A. Organ transplant
• B. Vitamin C intake
• C. Medications
• D. Alcohol consumption

Answer: (B)

Vitamin C intake is not a gout risk factor; in fact, higher vitamin C is associated with lower uric acid levels and may help reduce gout risk. Gout arises when uric acid builds up (hyperuricemia) and crystals form in joints, so factors that raise uric acid or impair its excretion increase risk. Organ transplant recipients are at higher risk because many immunosuppressant and related medications can raise uric acid. Some common medications, especially diuretics, can reduce uric acid clearance and contribute to hyperuricemia. Alcohol consumption, particularly beer and spirits, also increases uric acid production and decreases its excretion, promoting gout flares.